INTRODUCTION


    The data in this report were collected during cruises 9602* and 9604 of the 
California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations (CalCOFI) program aboard 
the NOAA ship RV David Starr Jordan.  The CalCOFI program was organized in the 
late 1940's to study the causes of variations in population size of fishes of 
importance to the State of California.  It is carried out by NOAA's National 
Marine Fisheries Service Southwest Fisheries Science Center, the California 
Department of Fish and Game, and the Marine Life Research Group (MLRG) at 
Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO).  MLRG contributes to this program by 
investigations of the physical, chemical and biological structure of the 
California Current.  Data from CalCOFI cruises 9602 and 9604 were collected and 
processed by personnel of the Marine Life Research Group and the Southwest 
Fisheries Science Center.  Volunteers and other SIO staff members also assisted 
in the collection of data and chemical analyses at sea.   

STANDARD PROCEDURES
 
Rosette Cast Data
   
    At each station on cruises 9602 and 9604 a Sea-Bird Electronics, Inc., 
Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) instrument was deployed with a 24-place 
General Oceanics rosette.  The rosette was equipped with 24 ten-liter plastic 
(PVC) bottles.  The CTD/rosette cast usually sampled 20 depths to a maximum 
sampling depth of 525 meters, bottom depth permitting.  Occasional stations have 
multiple bottles tripped at the same depth to provide more water for ancillary 
programs.  Pressures and temperatures assigned to the water sample data were 
derived from the CTD signals recorded just prior to the bottle trip.  Pressures 
have been converted to depths by the Saunders (1981) pressure-to-depth 
conversion technique.  CTD temperatures reported with the bottle data  have been 
rounded to the nearest hundredth of a degree Celsius.  Salinity, oxygen and 
nutrients were determined at sea for all depths sampled.  Chlorophyll-a and 
phaeopigments were determined at sea within the top 200 meters, bottom depth permitting.  

    Salinity samples were collected from all rosette bottles and analyzed at sea 
using a Guildline model 8410 Portasal salinometer.  The results were compared  
with the CTD salinity in order to verify that the rosette bottle did not mis- 
trip or leak.  The salinometer was standardized before and after each group of 
samples with substandard seawater.  Periodic checks on the conductivity of the 
substandard were made by comparison with IAPSO Standard Seawater batch P127.  
Salinity values have been calculated from the algorithms for the Practical 
Salinity Scale, 1978 (UNESCO, 1981a) and were reported to three decimal places, 
provided that accepted standards were met.  If only one determination per sample 
was obtained, or there was doubt concerning the accuracy of the analytical 
results, the salinities were reported to two decimal places.      Dissolved 
oxygen was determined by the Winkler method, as modified by Carpenter (1965), 
using the equipment and procedure outlined by Anderson (1971).  Percent oxygen 
saturation was calculated from the equations of Weiss 
(1970).

    Silicate, phosphate, nitrate and nitrite nutrients were determined at sea 
using an automated analyzer.  The procedures used are similar to those described 
in Atlas et al. (1971).

    Samples for chlorophyll-a and phaeopigments were filtered onto Whatman GF/F 
filters.  The pigments were extracted with a cold extraction technique in 90% 
acetone (Venrick and Hayward, 1984), and the fluorescence determined before and 
after acidification with a Turner Designs fluorometer (Yentsch and Menzel, 1963; 
Holm-Hansen et al. 1965).

    Evaluation of the data involved comparisons with the CTD cast profiles, 
adjacent stations and consideration of the variation of a property as a function 
of density or depth and the relationships with other properties (Klein, 1973).  
Estimates of precision of the standard techniques are given in SIO, 1991.




________________________________
* The first two digits represent the year and the last digits the month of the 
cruise.



Primary Productivity Sampling 

    Primary productivity samples were taken each day shortly before local 
apparent noon (LAN).  Primary production was estimated from 14C uptake using a 
simulated in situ technique.  Light penetration  was estimated from the Secchi 
depth (assuming that the 1% light level is three times the Secchi depth).  The 
depths with ambient light intensities corresponding to light levels simulated by 
the on-deck incubators were identified and sampled on the up rosette cast.  
Occasionally an extra bottle or two were tripped in addition to the usual 20 
levels sampled in the combined rosette- productivity cast in order to maintain 
the normal sampling depth resolution.  The ten-liter bottles were equipped with 
epoxy-coated springs and Viton O-rings.  Triplicate samples (two light and one 
dark control) were drawn from each productivity sample depth into 250 ml 
polycarbonate incubation bottles.  Samples were inoculated with 10 æCi of 14C as 
NaHCO3 (200 æl of 50 æCi/ml stock) prepared in a 0.3 g/liter solution of sodium 
carbonate (Fitzwater et al. 1982).  Samples were incubated from LAN to civil 
twilight in seawater-cooled incubators with neutral-density screens which 
simulate in situ light levels.  At the end of the incubation, the samples were 
filtered onto Millipore HA filters and placed in scintillation vials.  One half 
ml of 10%  HCl was added to each sample.  The sample was then allowed to sit, 
without a cap, at room temperature for 12 hours (after Lean and Burnison, 1979).  
Following this, 10 ml of scintillation fluor were added to each sample and the 
samples were returned to SIO where the radioactivity was determined with a 
scintillation counter.  Salinity, oxygen, nutrients, chlorophyll-a and 
phaeopigments were determined from all rosette productivity bottles.

Macrozooplankton Net Tows 

    Macrozooplankton was sampled with a 71 cm mouth diameter paired net (bongo 
net) equipped with 0.505 mm plankton mesh.  Bottom depth permitting, the nets 
were towed obliquely from 210 meters to the surface.  The tow time for a 
standard tow was 21.5 minutes.  Volumes filtered were determined from flowmeter 
readings and the mouth area of the net.  Only one sample of each pair was 
retained and preserved.  The biomass, as wet displacement volume, after removal 
of large (>5 ml) organisms, was determined in the laboratory ashore.  These 
procedures are summarized in greater detail in Kramer et al. (1972).

Ancillary Programs

    Several ancillary programs produced data on these cruises which are not 
presented in this report.  These programs include:   
1)  ADCP.  Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler data were recorded continuously 
along the ship's cruise track.
2)  Avifauna Observation.   Sea birds were counted within a 300 meter wide strip 
off to one side of the ship.  Counts were made while underway between stations 
during periods of daylight.  These counts were summed over 20 nautical mile (nm) 
intervals, or the distance between consecutive stations, whichever was less.
3)  Benthic sampling.  Bottom samples were taken at two sites on cruise 9602 and 
three sites on 9604. Samples were preserved for subsequent analysis of benthic 
foraminifera, organic carbon analysis, and other faunal and geochemical 
analyses.
4)  Bio-optics.  On 9602 and 9604 Bio-optical profiles were measured almost 
daily using a variety of sensors, and spectral absorption by particulate and 
soluble fractions was measured.  On 9602 the bio-optics program also included 
cyanobacteria microscopic counts by epifluorescence and phycoerythrin pigment 
concentration determined by fluorescence spectroscopy.
5)  Pigment studies.  These included measurement of 14C incorporation  into 
pigments in incubated samples,  phytoplankton pigment analyses of euphotic zone 
samples using high performance liquid chromatography, phytoplankton fluorescence 
measurements before and after DCMU addition, and nutrient enrichment experiments 
to assess changes in phytoplankton populations as indicated by pigment 
concentrations.
6)  Underway Data.  Continuous near surface measurements of temperature, 
salinity and chlorophyll fluorescence were made from water pumped through the 
ship, and the data were logged at one minute intervals. On 9604 sardine and 
anchovy eggs were collected underway with a separate large volume pump. This 
pump drew a continuous sample of approximately 640 liters per minute from which 
eggs were concentrated and collected by a 505 um sieve system. Samples were 
sequentially collected from this system periodically for enumeration of sardine 
and anchovy eggs at sea and again ashore.








TABULATED DATA

Rosette Cast Data

    The time reported is the Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) of the first 
rosette bottle trip on the up cast.  The rosette bottles tripped on the up cast 
are reported as cast 2, where cast 1 is considered to be the down CTD cast.  The 
sample number reported is the cast number followed by a two digit rosette bottle 
number.  Bottom depths, determined acoustically, have been corrected using 
British Admiralty Tables (Carter, 1980) and are reported in meters.  Weather 
conditions have been coded using WMO code 4501.  Secchi depths and Forel water 
color scales are also reported for most daylight stations. 

    Observed data from individual CTD/rosette trip levels are interpolated and 
reported for standard depths.   Interpolated or extrapolated standard level data 
are noted by the footnote "ISL" printed after the depth.  Multiple bottles 
tripped at the same depth to provide water for ancillary programs are not used 
in the calculation of standard depth data.  Density-related parameters have been 
calculated from the International Equation of State of Seawater 1980 (UNESCO, 
1981, b).  Computed values of potential temperature, sigma-theta, specific 
volume anomaly (SVA), and dynamic height or geopotential anomaly are included 
with both observed and interpolated standard depth levels.         

     On stations where primary productivity samples were drawn from six of the 
rosette bottles, a footnote appears after each productivity depth sampled.  The 
corresponding primary productivity data are reported in a separate section 
following the tabulated rosette cast data.   
 

Primary Productivity Data

    In addition to the normal hydrographic data also reported in the rosette 
cast data section, the tabulated data include: the in situ light levels at which 
the samples were collected, the uptake from each of the replicate light bottles, 
uptake 1 and uptake 2, (which have been corrected for dark uptake by subtracting 
the dark value), the mean of the two uptake values and the dark uptake.  The 
uptake values are totals for the incubation period.  Also shown are the times of 
LAN, civil twilight, and the value of the mean uptake integrated from the 
surface to the deepest sample, assuming the shallowest value continues to the 
surface and that negative values (when dark uptake exceeds light uptake) are 
zero.  The uptake data have been presented to two significant digits (values 
<1.00) or one decimal (values >1.00).  Precision of the higher production values 
may not warrant all of the digits presented.  Incubation time, LAN, and civil 
twilight are given in local Pacific Standard Time (PST); to convert to UTC, add 
eight hours to the PST time.  Incubation light intensities are listed in a 
footnote at the bottom of each page.

Macrozooplankton Data

    Macrozooplankton biomass volumes are tabulated as total biomass volume 
(cm3/1000m3  strained) and as the total volume minus the volume of larger 
organisms under the heading "Small."  Tow times are given in local PST (+8) 
time.

FOOtnOTES

In addition to footnotes, special notations are used without footnotes because 
the meaning is always the same.

   D:  CTD salinity value listed in place of normal ship-board salinity 
analysis. ISL:  After a depth value indicates that this is an interpolated or 
extrapolated standard level.
   U:  Uncertain value.  Values  which  are  not  used  in  interpolation  
because  they seem  to be  in  error  without          apparent reason.